Hawaiian ecosystems overall are known to contain some of the rarest and most endangered species. Degradation of Hawaiian forests, watersheds and endemic biodiversity continues today due to damage from introduced plant and animal species. Our research efforts thus far have involved conducting a review of the scientific literature and research experiences of efforts to manage invasive alien species and conserve endemic biodiversity in Hawaii over the last quarter century. Numerous SOU Environmental Studies students and recent graduates have worked on the project over the past several years. Our research is highlighting successful or unsuccessful eradication, control or mitigation efforts for alien species over the last 25 years in Hawaii and addresses the newly emerging idea of managing ‘novel ecosystems' to maximize ecosystem services provided to society.