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Chemistry 421/422      Analytical Chemistry       Fall 2005

Lecture (CRN 2021)  8:00 - 9:15 am TR in Sc 275

Lab        (CRN 2036) 2:00 - 4:50 pm T in Sc 254

Instructor Steven Petrovic      Office Sc 259      Phone 552-6803  e-mail petrovis@sou.edu

Office Hours 9:30-12 am M & T, or by appt. URL http://www.sou.edu/chem/Ch421/index.htm

Course Description: Covers the principles of quantitative analytical chemistry. Topics include equilibria in gravimetric, volumetric, and electrochemical methods of analysis, along with a brief introduction to spectroscopy and analytical separations. If time is limited, discussion of separation and spectroscopic techniques will be minimized as they will be the primary focus of instrumental analysis (Ch 425/426) during the winter term.

Texts and Materials (Ch 421):          Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry (Eighth Edition, 2004)

Texts and Materials (Ch 422):          Chemistry 422 Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Manual (SOU, 2005)

Grading:

CH 421 2 midterms (25% each), homework 20%, ACS final exam 20%, analytical chemistry paper 10%

CH 422 8 labs (10% each), Lithia paper (10%), lab notebook (10%)

 


 

Period

Date

Book Chapter

Lecture

Experiment

1

Sept 27 (T)

1

Introduction/Concentrations

Univariate Statistics (Parts of Chapters 5-7 & Chapter 2)

2

Sept 29 (R)

4 & 9

Concentrations/Equilibrium

 

3

Oct 4 (T)

6-7

Errors in Chemical Analysis

Using Statistics: Pipet Calibration

4

Oct 6 (R)

10

Electrolyte Effects

 

5

Oct 11 (T)

11

Equilibria of Complex Systems

Acid-Base Titration 

6

Oct 13 (R)

11

Equilibria of Complex Systems

 

7

Oct 18 (T)

13

Titrimetry: Fundamentals & Precipitation

Alkalinity of Lithia Water

8

Oct 20 (R)

14 & 16

Titrimetry: Acids/Bases

 

EVENING EXAM I: Thursday 10/20, 7 pm

9

Oct 25 (T)

14 & 16

Titrimetry: Acids/Bases

Chloride Content of Lithia Water

10

Oct 27 (R)

15

Titrimetry: Polyfunctional Acids/Bases

 

11

Nov 1 (T)

13

Titrimetry: Polyfunctional Acids/Bases

Potentiometric pH Titration 

12

Nov 3 (R)

17

Complexation/Aminocarboxylic Acid Titrations

 

13

Nov 8 (T)

18

Introduction to Electrochemistry

Calcium/Magnesium Content of Lithia Water 

14

Nov 10 (R)

18

Introduction to Electrochemistry

 

15

Nov 15 (T)

19

Electrode Potentials

Sodium/Potassium Content of Lithia Water

16

Nov 17 (R)

21

Potentiometry

 

EVENING EXAM II: Thursday 11/17, 7 pm

17

Nov 22 (T)

21

Potentiometry

Fluoride in Toothpaste 

18

Nov 24 (R)

 

VACATION - Day of Rest

 

19

Nov 29 (T)

23

Voltammetry

Lab Final

20

Dec 1 (R)

24

Introduction to Spectroscopy

 

FINAL

Dec 8 (R)

3:30 pm

ACS Final Exam - Sc 275

Happy Holidays! 

 

 

The course material listed above is intended to provide students with an understanding of the fundamental chemical principles that form the basis of analytical chemistry.  This schedule is subject to change at the discretion of the instructor.

Attendance Policy
Attendance is not required, but it is strongly encouraged.  Although I will try my best to provide all necessary information about homework assignments on the departmental website, I cannot guarantee that the website will have information about all homework assignments.  Therefore, regular class attendance is currently the only reliable method for obtaining homework assignments and changes in the course material.

Classroom Ethics
Academic honesty is mandatory.  Guidelines to student conduct regarding plagiarism and other forms of academic dishonesty can be found on the web at http://www.sou.edu/studentaffairs/SOUhandbook.pdf.  

Grading Policy
Generally speaking, I will try to adhere to a "traditional" grading scale:
 
 

Course Grade

Percentage

A, A-

100-90

B+, B, B-

89-80

C+, C, C-

79-70

D+, D, D-

69-60

F

<60

although there may be adjustments in this scale based on the overall class performance.  Homework assignments will be penalized in 5% increments for each day it is late (including weekends).  Make-up tests will only be administered if a valid excuse is substantiated (e.g. death in the immediate family, sickness accompanied by a doctor's visit).

Laboratory Preparation
You are expected to read and familiarize yourself with the concepts discussed in Chapter 2: "Chemicals, Apparatus, and Unit Operations of Analytical Chemistry" as quickly as possible (prior to Week 2).  A bound laboratory notebook is required.  Please consult your text (p.51-52) and the lab syllabus on how to maintain a proper laboratory notebook.  General guidelines on grading and other expectations are included with the CH422 syllabus.

Lithia Water Paper

As you may have noticed, the laboratory experiments are centered on the determination of various analytes in Lithia water, a resource of local significance. You are expected to write a short report (no more than five double-spaced pages) based on your results from CH 422 experiments throughout the quarter. Any required calculations are to be included in the report. All references used must be cited throughout the paper using the ACS format and a list of those references must be included at the end of the paper. Your report should include the following:

1.                  A brief historical introduction to Lithia water (where it was discovered, early commercial ventures, current significance, etc).

2.                  A summary of your experimental results. The following items related to your experimental results should be in your paper:

a.                  All analyte concentrations (and their standard deviations) determined in CH 422 should be reported in tabular form.

b.                  The principle of electroneutrality must be discussed using the following information:

i.         A proper charge balance calculation should be performed to account for all positive and negative charges.

ii.       Error propagation needs to be performed so that standard deviations for the cations and anions in Lithia Water are calculated.

iii.      A statistical analysis must be included to determine if there is any statistical difference between the cation and anion concentrations in Lithia Water.

3.                  Describe if your results make sense based on mass balance considerations. Compare your dissolved solids results (from Week 2) to the mass of ions determined in your Lithia Water sample. If there are any discrepancies between the two results, can you explain why? Are there other analytes found in Lithia water (but not determined in CH 422) that would contribute significantly to the mass balance of its dissolved minerals?

Analytical Chemistry Paper

Part of your grade in this class is a report that describes a published manuscript in a peer-reviewed journal (e.g. Analytical Chemistry, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Analytica Chimica Acta, etc.) that utilizes one of the wet chemical techniques covered this term. The report should be brief (no more than 3-4 pages, double spaced) and discuss the following questions:

·        A statement of the problem (which often includes identifying the analyte).

·        The wet-chemical method used (a spectroscopic determination can also be used). This also requires a description of the property used to detect the analyte.

·        Is the method direct or indirect? (i.e. was the concentration of analyte measured or was the concentration of another chemical reagent stoichiometrically related to the analyte measured)

·        A description of the chemistry needed to convert the analyte to a detectable form

·        Any special experimental conditions which maintains the reliable detectability of the analyte (e.g. pH, ionic strength, temperature, oxidation state, etc.)

·        Any potential interferences? How are these addressed?

·        Estimating the length and cost of the experiment. If the time needed to do the experiment is not addressed in the manuscript, use your own experience in the lab to perform a time estimate. The cost of the experiment can be obtained in the following manner: reagents and lab equipment may be obtained from supplier catalogs (Fisher, VWR, Sigma-Aldrich) and labor can be assumed to cost $15/hour. This budget should be in the form of a table.

The paper is due no later than the Tuesday lecture during dead week (10th week)

"IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF ACADEMIC SUPPORT BECAUSE OF A DOCUMENTED DISABILITY (WHETHER IT BE PSYCHIATRIC, LEARNING, MOBILITY, HEALTH RELATED, OR SENSORY) YOU MAY BE ELIGIBLE FOR ACADEMIC ACCOMMODATIONS THROUGH DISABILITY SERVICES FOR STUDENTS.  CONTACT DISABILITY SERVICES FOR STUDENTS; DIRECTOR, DSS; 552-6213,  OR SCHEDULE AN APPOINTMENT IN PERSON AT THE ACCESS CENTER, STEVENSON UNION, LOWER LEVEL."